0. Calm
Sea is like a mirror
1. Light air
Ripples with appearance of scales;
no foam crests
2. Light breeze
Small wavelets;
crests of glassy appearance,
not breaking
3. Gentle breeze
Large wavelets;
crests begin to break;
scattered whitecaps
4. Moderate breeze
Small waves,
becoming longer;
numerous whitecaps
5. Fresh breeze
Moderate waves,
taking longer form;
many whitecaps;
some spray
6. Strong breeze
Larger waves forming;
whitecaps everywhere;
more spray
7. Near gale
Sea heaps up;
white foam
from breaking waves
begins to be blown
in streaks
8. Gale
Moderately high waves
of greater length;
edges of crests
begin to break
into spindrift;
foam is blown
in well-marked streaks
9. Strong gale
High waves;
sea begins to roll;
dense streaks of foam;
spray may begin
to reduce visibility
10. Storm
Very high waves
with overhanging crests;
sea takes white appearance
as foam is blown
in very dense streaks;
rolling is heavy
and visibility reduced
11. Violent storm
Exceptionally high waves;
sea covered
with white foam patches;
visibility further reduced
12. Hurricane
Air filled with foam;
sea completely white
with driving spray;
visibility greatly reduced
__________
Written by British Rear-Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort, 1805
See: www.stormfax.com/beaufort.htm
“The Beaufort Wind Scale,” 1/11/09
Found by Annlee Ellingson
Los Angeles, CA
Note: The idea that Beaufort’s scale reads like found poetry was suggested by Donovan Hohn in his article “Monsterwellen,” Outside Magazine, January 2009, page 84.